Philosophy Courses Offered Spring 2026

Below are descriptions of the courses that the Department of Philosophy will offer in the Fall 2025 semester. Undergraduate courses are 4999 and below. Graduate courses are 7000 and above. While you can find a general description in MU's Course Catalog, we're providing the information below to give you a better idea of what the courses will be like. For more information, please don't hesitate to email the instructor listed; we're always happy to help! 

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PHIL 1000 The Big Questions: An Introduction to Philosophy

Instructor: Dr. Alex Radulescu

Course Description:  

This class is designed in part to help students confront some issues that arise out of the human condition, with an eye toward constructing a reasonable and consistent world view. To this end, this class will survey an array of answers to questions like: 1) What sorts of things can we know, and how can we know them? 2) Do humans act freely when we choose to do something, or are our actions such that we could not have done otherwise? 3) Can moral claims be true or false for all, or is the truth of moral claims just a matter of opinion? 4) How ought material goods and honors be divided in society? 5) Is it rational to believe that God exists?

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PHIL 1000H The Big Questions: An Introduction to Philosophy (Honors)

 Instructor: Dr. Andrew Melnyk

Course Description:

The central goal of the course is to learn critical thinking skills that are used by living philosophers and that will be useful throughout your life. We will learn these skills while considering philosophical questions from different areas of philosophy, so that we meet a second goal, learning that philosophy isn’t just about reading the work of famous thinkers in the past; it is a living discipline with active researchers who consider a broad range of issues. For example, these questions include: Do you know that the objects and events you experience are real, or is it probable that we are living in a simulated reality? What should you believe, particularly when the source of knowledge is what other people tell you? Does the internet raise new problems about knowledge, because of its social nature? What does the moral principle “do the greatest good for the greatest number” omit about morality, and how is this relevant to programming and purchasing self-driving cars? Do you understand what you think and feel better than you understand what other people think and feel? What does it mean to say that a group of people is oppressed? 

Although many of these problems have their roots in the history of philosophy, and we will learn about the work of some notable historical figures, especially the 17th century French philosopher René Descartes, most of the readings for the course were written by living philosophers specifically for undergraduates.

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PHIL 1100 The Difference Between Right and Wrong: An Introduction to Ethics

 Instructor: Dr. Kenny Boyce

Course Description:

The core question of ethics is this: How should we behave towards one another? In this course we address this disarmingly simple question, ultimately with an eye to matters of life and death. We begin by familiarizing ourselves with the basics of ethical theory, and then proceed to consider the objectivity of moral claims and the possibility of moral knowledge. After that, we tackle a variety of moral questions, including questions about the permissibility of abortion, our obligations to animals, and whether we have a duty to reduce social and economic inequality. Though we will be exploring the field of ethics at a certain level of abstraction, the ultimate goal of the course is entirely practical: to develop the ability to think clearly and systematically about ethical issues. The course is open to students from all areas of the University interested in improving their moral judgment and decision making. These skills may be helpful in a wide array of professions, as well as in everyday life.

Note: This course counts towards the Philosophy Department’s Certificate in Ethical Theory and Practice.

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PHIL 1100H The Difference Between Right and Wrong: An Introduction to Ethics (Honors)

Instructor: Dr. Marta Heckel

Course Description:

This is an introduction to ethical theory. What basis, if any, do we have to make distinctions between what is good and what is bad, who is virtuous and who is vicious, or what we ought to do and what we ought not to do? We will read, discuss, and write about the answers given by Plato, Aristotle, John Stuart Mill, and Immanuel Kant.

Note: This course counts towards the Philosophy Department’s Certificate in Ethical Theory and Practice.

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PHIL 1150 Introductory Bioethics

Instructor: TBD

Course Description:

This course approaches moral problems in biomedical and scientific research from a philosophical perspective. First, we'll familiarize ourselves with ethics and political philosophy. Then we'll study the ethical issues that arise in connection with a series of issues, including research involving human and animal subjects, eugenics, the human genome project, cloning and stem cell research. By thinking about these issues, we learn how to think critically about particular moral quandaries, as well as to uncover and examine some of our deepest moral commitments.

Note: This course counts towards the Philosophy Department’s Certificate in Ethical Theory and Practice.

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PHIL 1200 How To Think: Logic and Reasoning for Everyday Life

Instructor: Dr. Philip Robbins

Course Description:

This is an introductory course in critical thinking. In every academic discipline and in every walk of life reasons are given for believing claims to be true. But not all reasons are alike: some are good, some are not so good, and some are downright bad. How do we tell the difference between good and bad reasoning? The answer is to learn some good reasoning rules and methods. This is the aim of the course. By mastering rules and methods of good reasoning, students will acquire the ability to sharpen their judgment and decision-making skills for use both in and out of the classroom.

The course is designed to be foundational for your college education. That's a bold statement, but it’s true. Everything you learn in college will be implicitly or explicitly based on reasons. Hence, a course that teaches you the rules of reasoning counts as a foundational course. Every citizen should take a course like this. Again, that's a bold statement. But if you cannot reason properly, then your life choices will be poor. In this course, you will acquire the tools of reasoning and learn how to use them for thinking more effectively about the world.

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PHIL 2005 Topics in Philosophy - Humanities

Instructor: Dr. Claire Horisk

Course Description:

 

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PHIL 2350 The Meaning of Life

Instructor: Joel Vall Thomas

Course Description:

A lot of philosophers claim that almost every human being has asked themselves what the meaning of life is. Among these philosophers, Albert Camus famously said: “Judging whether life is or is not worth living amounts to answering the fundamental question of philosophy.” I doubt that almost every human being has asked that question. However, I’m sure that some of us have asked what the meaning of life is. And I hope that during and after this course some of us will. This course has two main goals: first, understanding why the question of the meaning of life is worth asking; second, get you to philosophically reflect on the meaning of life and how your area of expertise (career, major, passion) relates to a meaningful life.

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PHIL 2430 Contemporary Moral Issues

Instructor: TBD

Review of the major contemporary ethical theories and their contribution to the resolution of major social issues such as euthanasia, suicide, abortion, capital punishment, violence and war. Emphasis on nature, interests, and rights of persons.

Note: This course counts towards the Philosophy Department’s Certificate in Ethical Theory and Practice.

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PHIL 2440 Medical Ethics

Instructor: Dr. Troy Hall

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PHIL 2500 Philosophy and Gender

Instructor: Dr. Marta Heckel

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PHIL 2600 Game Theory and Rational Decisions

Instructor: Dr. Hannah Rubin

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PHIL 2600H Game Theory and Rational Decisions - Honors

Instructor: Dr. Hannah Rubin

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PHIL 2700 Elementary Logic

Instructor: Dr. Kenny Boyce

Course Description:

Do you love solving puzzles like Sudoku? Then this is a great course for you. We will learn how to solve logical puzzles, by learning a formal logical language and formal methods of evaluating arguments. Having logical abilities is great for anyone who needs to reason—and that is all of us—and is an especially useful skill if you are interested in law, business, or linguistics. Logic also serves as a fundamental basis for computer science and artificial intelligence.

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PHIL 2900 Environmental Ethics

Instructor: Dr. Troy Hall

Course Description:

Ethics concerns this question: what should I do? Environmental ethics asks this question regarding our relationship to the rest of the world around us. Do only humans matter? Do non-human beings matter too? Is everything else in our world merely valuable as a tool—instrumentally—for human interests? Or might other things matter for their own sake—intrinsically—regardless of whether they further human flourishing in particular? In this class, we get to join this ongoing discussion with others living in our shared environment.

Note: This course counts toward the Department of Philosophy's Certificate in Ethical Theory and Practice.

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PHIL 3200 Modern Philosophy

Instructor: Dr. M Folescu

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PHIL 3400 19th Century Philosophy

Instructor: Dr. Troy Hall

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PHIL 3600 20th Century Philosophy

Instructor: Dr. Alex Radulescu

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PHIL 4100/7100 Language, Meaning and Reality: An Introduction to Philosophy of Language

Instructor: Dr. Claire Horisk

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PHIL 4130/7130 Living with Uncertainty: An Introduction to Probability and Inductive Logic

Instructor: Dr. André Ariew

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PHIL 4420/7420 Life and Evolution: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Biology

Instructor: Dr. Hannah Rubin

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PHIL 4430/7430 Spacetime, Matter and the Universe: An Introduction to Philosophy of Physics

Instructor: Dr. Mike Schneider

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PHIL 4850/7850 Special Readings in Philosophy

Instructor: Various Departmental Faculty

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PHIL 4950 Senior Seminar in Philosophy

Instructor: Dr. André Ariew

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PHIL 4998 Honors I in Philosophy

Instructor: Various Departmental Faculty

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PHIL 4999 Honors II in Philosophy

Instructor: Various Departmental Faculty

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PHIL 8090/9090 Research in Philosophy

Instructor: Various Departmental Faculty

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PHIL 9001 Topics in Philosophy

Instructor: Dr. Alex Radulescu

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PHIL 9520 Ethical Theory

Instructor: Dr. Robert Johnson

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PHIL 9720 Foundations of Cognitive Science

Instructor: Dr. Gualtiero Piccinini

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PHIL 9830 Philosophy of Science

Instructor: Dr. Mike Schneider

Course Description:

Examines central issues in general philosophy of science concerning the scientific method and the role in it of observation, the nature of rational theory choice, progress, and the status of theories postulating unobservables.